Wastewater to Ecological Dyeing Process and Bioactive Compounds Resources: Case Study of Dittrichia graveolens Hydrodistillation Aqueous Residue

The release of aqueous residues generated by the extraction process essential oils presents a real risk environmental pollution. This work aims to reduce this and produce value-added materials. residue Dittrichia graveolens (D. graveolens) hydrodistillation has been reused in two valorization ways: 1/in ecological dyeing. 2/in biological field. First, phytochemical study was carried out determining content polyphenols (237 mg EqAG g−1) flavonoids (91 EqC g−1). Second, HPLC analysis allowed identification evaluation catechin (5.92 g−1 extract) quercetin (4 as coloring molecules present residue. Third, eco-dyeing with performed on polyamide fabric, optimized surface response methodology using Minitab software. Thus, optimum dyeing conditions were evaluated at pH, temperature duration 3, 80 °C 90 min, respectively, giving maximum value K/S color yield (equal 7.5). Fourth, measuring fastness tests for optimal conditions. Finally, assessed its antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory cytotoxic potential from where it is proven that could be source bioactive compounds.